常用数学运算和符号的英文读法
发表于
2019-03-15
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更新于
2020-10-02
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writing
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计数方法
小数(decimal; decimal number)0.5: zero point five; point five.10.875: ten point eight seven five.
小数舍入(rounding)1.2735 rounded to 3 decimal places is 1.274.
分数(fraction; fraction number)a/b: a over b.1/2: one half.1/100: one hundredth.分子: numerator; 分母: denominator.
百分数(percentage)10%: ten percent.
科学计数(scientific notation)$1.23\times10^3$: 1.23 times ten to the power of three; 1.23 times ten to the third (参考幂运算).
基本运算
四则运算(Elementary arithmetic)$a+b=c$: a plus b equals c (plus是介词).$a-b=c$: a minus b equals c (minus是介词); b substracted from a leaves c.$a\times b=c$: a times b equals c (times是介词); a multiplied by b is c.$a\div b=c$: a divided by b equals c.$1/x$: the reciprocal of x.$3:5$: three to five.
乘方/幂运算(exponentiation)$a^n$: a to the n-th (power); a to the power of n; a raised to the n-th power.$x^2$: x squared.$y^3$: y cubed.指数: exponent.底数: base.
开方(radication)$\sqrt{9}$: the square root of 9.$\sqrt[3]{8}$: the cube root of 8.$\sqrt[n]{b}$: the n-th root of b.
对数(logarithm)$\log_b x$: the logarithm of x to base b.$\log x,\ \ln x,\ \log_e x$: the natural logarithm of x.$\lg x,\ \log_{10} x$: the common logarithm of x.$\text{lb}\ x,\ \log_2 x$: the binary logarithm of x.
阶乘(factorial)5!: five factorial.
基本符号
小括号() (parentheses)$(2x - 6y) - 10$: the quantity two x minus six y, close quantity, minus ten;paren, two x minus six y, close paren, minus ten; left paren, two x minus six y, right paren, minus ten.$a (x - y)$: a, parenthesis, x minus y, close parenthesis.
中括号[] (brackets)
大括号\{\} (brace)
斜线/ (slash)
反斜线\\ (backslash)
井号# (hash; number sign, pound sign)
与号& (ampersand)a & b: a and b.
星号* (asterisk, star)$x^*$: x star; x asterisk.
十字$\dagger$ (dagger)
撇号’ (apostrophe)$a’$: a prime (US); a dash (UK).$a’’$: a double prime (US); a double dash (UK).
省略号$\cdots$ (ellipsis)$\frac12+\frac14+\frac18+\cdots$: one half plus one quarter plus one eighth and so forth.
叹号! (exclamation mark)
逗号, (comma)
句号. (full stop, period)
问号? (question mark)
特殊数学符号
正负号$\pm$ (plus-minus)
成比例$\propto$ (is proportional to)
无穷$\infty$ (infinity)
上下标 (superscript, subscript)$a_1$: a (sub) one.$\varepsilon_{ijk}$: epsilon (sub) ijk.$a^i$: a super i.
附加符号(diacritic)$\bar{a}$: a bar.$\tilde{x}$: x tilde.$\hat{a}$: a hat.$\dot{y}$: x dot.$\vec{x}$: vector x.
逻辑运算符号
相等$=$ (equal, is equal to)
不等$\neq$ (is not equal to)
大于$>$ (is greater than, is larger than)
小于$<$ (is less than, is smaller than)
大于等于$\geqslant$ (is greater than or equal to)
小于等于$\leqslant$ (is less than or equal to)
约等于$\approx$ (is approximately equal to)
赋值$:=$ (is set to be, is defined to be)
代数与函数运算符号
绝对值(absolute value)
求和(summation)$\sum_{k=1}^n k^2$: the summation over k from 1 to n of k squared; the summation of k squared over k from 1 to n.
求积(product)$\prod_{k=1}^n \frac1k$: the product over k from 1 to n of one over k.
函数(function)$f(x)$: f of x.参数、变量: argument.
反函数(inverse function)
微积分符号
极限(limit)$\lim_{x\to 0} f(x)$: the limit as x approaches zero of f of x; the limit of f of x as x approaches zero.
导数(derivative)$f’(x)$: f prime of x; the derivative of f with respect to x.$\frac{dy}{dx}$: d y over d x; the derivative of y with respect to x.$\frac{\pd y}{\pd x}$: partial y over partial x; d y over d x; the partial derivative of y with respect to x.
积分(integral)$\int_0^\infty f(t)dt$: the integral from t equals 0 to t equals infinity of f of t d t; the integral of f of t d t as t goes from 0 to infinity; integrate f of t d t from 0 to infinity.
方程的解
the solution of equation
the solution for x
the key to the question
参考资料
常用数学运算和符号的英文读法
List of mathematical symbols - Wikipedia
# Writing
几何对称团簇算法
并行回火算法原理和在Ising类模型中的应用
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四火的唠叨
1. 计数方法2. 基本运算3. 基本符号4. 特殊数学符号5. 逻辑运算符号6. 代数与函数运算符号7. 微积分符号8. 方程的解9. 参考资料